Toasted Cars by metal ion beams from a 14.5 GHz ECR ion gun?

Others believe the Russians could be attempting to duplicate
secret work under way in the USA to make aircraft
invisible to the human eye by using 'smart skins' that
mimic their background.

http://www.google.com/search?q=%22high+energy+particle+beam%22+x-ray+laser+pumped

1.3.3 Bolt-on Stealth: a very Russian invention

A Russian scientific research organisation is to
offer for export a 'bolt-on' stealth device that it
claims renders non-stealthy aircraft
practically invisible to radar. The system, which envelops the
aircraft in a cloak of ionised gas (plasma), is said to be fully developed, with
work on a "third-generation visibility-reduction system" under
way according to Keldysh NITs (Nauchno-isledovatelskii Tsentr = Scientific
Research Centre). Its director, Anatoliy Koroteyev, claims
that the system weighs less than 100kg and consumes little more than several
dozen kilowatt of power.

http://www.aeronautics.ru/archive/research_literature/aviation_articles/Janes/topics/plasma_stealth/

One Russian design bureau, NPO Energomash, has
developed 53 rocket engines - almost twice as many as the entire US industry.
One US executive, returning from his first visit to the new Russia,
reported that "the good news is that we're 20 years ahead in gas turbines,
and the bad news is that we're 20 years behind in rockets."

USA'S SPACE WEAPONS

"The Week" news is reporting the White House is drafting a
national-security directive calling for U.S. weapons to be
stationed in outer-space. This is the first time space weapons
have ever been approved by any sitting President, and this new
White house initiative directly contradicts the Clinton-sponsored
policy that presently limits the US military's use of outer space
to satellite surveillance.

Go George Go! Hoooorahhhhh! It's about time.

The Air Force says that it needs these space weapons to protect
U.S. satellites, and to hit targets on the ground.

Some of the proposed new space weapon systems involve the "Global
Strike" system which uses a space plane equipped with various
high-tech weapons that could hit any target on Earth, even as
small as a man or a washtub, in about 45 minutes.

All we would need to do to launch these space weapons against
Earthly targets is to lock a signal on any Earthly target from
space, or use a normal predator type plane to lock on that signal
and relay the signal to a satellite or to the space plane, or
lock a signal on the target from any ground force and relay that
signal to a satellite or to the space plane. Once the target
signal is locked into the space plane's computer, then regardless
of the maneuvers of the plane, incredibly destructive weapons
could pin point that ground or sea target from outer-space - bad
weather or the dark of night be damned!

Say "Ouch and Goddamn!" terrorist leaders - as your day is
coming. Our space weapons could knock out the entire Iranian
Ayatollah Government even if they were miles underground in what
they believed were safe bunkers. The Israelis must be licking
their chops over this news - I know I am. Perhaps we might even
convince some of the Space Fighters to remember a little place in
Southeast Asia called Hanoi? Naw, that would be asking too much -
but you never know. North Korea, Vietnam, all sameo sameo.

"We must establish and maintain our space superiority," said
General Lance Lord, a Commander in the Air Force's Space Command.

Some of the weapons the White House is "admitting" will be
deployed into outer-space other than the Space Plane are the
"Rods From God" weapons system that can send volleys of hundreds
of heavy tungsten cylinders directly at targets both in space and
on Earth with pin point accuracy. These tungsten "rails" will
strike Earth targets at about 7200 mph which would produce the
same force as a small nuclear bomb. (Imagine a thousand or so of
those things coming at your Mosque - Woop woop woop - it would be
Goon grease all over the place).

Other US weapon programs in space will use high-tech lasers that
can vaporize entire villages or large towns in seconds, (not to
mention rogue nuclear plants) and very secret weapons' systems
that uses intense radio waves to knock out enemy satellites and
"other targets."

No doubt outer space represents the track for the next arms race,
but do we have any choice in the matter?

The hard fact is right now, today, we can virtually control the
entire world with our weapons' technology if we deploy them in
outer-space. But if we wait for rogue nations or deceitful
nations like China, North Korea and Vietnam to catch up or steal
our technology (or wait for Clinton/Albright successors to give
our technology to our enemies like they did in North Korea)
before we can deploy our weapon technology into space - it will
be the USA that will be looking down the barrels of the Communist
or Muslim terrorist space weapons and not the other way around.

Right now, today, this very moment in time, we are so far ahead
of the rest of the world in weapons technology and space travel
that we could easily get our weapons well into outer space, and
use or test them thousands of times (which will just make us
smarter about such weapons) a full decade or two before our
enemies can even think about racing us to that celestial plum.

One reporter from some Commie rag said; "No nation wants the
"Sword of Damocles" hanging over their heads. Especially with a
Texan's finger on the trigger." But that is precisely what is
going to happen, and personally, I think it is about time.

Once we deploy our high-tech weapons in space then it will be
impossible for any rogue nation to successfully attack the USA
without suffering devastating retaliation. If we are first to
deploy weapons of mass destruction into outer space, we also can
use our space deployed weapons to stop other nations from
deploying their weapons in space to hang over *our* heads.

WWIII is upon us, and a new kind of war is emerging. It will be
high-tech from here on out, and that is precisely how American's
like to fight their wars.

I should also mention that North Korea and Iran are not going to
stop with the construction of just one nuclear weapon. They are
on schedule to make thousands. So what would be the most
effective strategy to stop them? Launch attacks from Aircraft or
land-based missiles? No, they would see that attack coming and
would be able to fire on our allies before our weapons reached
them. (Iran would hit Israel, Iraq and Afghanistan and even
perhaps Saudi Arabia, and North Korea would hit South Korea,
Japan and Taiwan.) But what about a preemptive strike from outer
space? Would the goons see that coming? Nope, they do not have
the technology - not yet they don't.

I believe what Iran and North Korea are doing in respect to
building nuclear bombs is setting the stage for their ultimate
demise. The free world will not allow these rogue nations to
possess and continue to construct such weapons. Political flak be
damned. Those Nations are committing international suicide with
their nuclear policies. A second term US President is especially
a dangerous foe. Especially one from Texas.

Doug Grant

http://groups.google.com/group/alt.news-media/browse_thread/thread/258786b8d2eaf684/3e02c928dfa74a3b?lnk=st&q=%22Hit+any+target+on+earth

===================

Revealed: US plan to 'own' space

As part of a plan to ensure its total military supremacy, the US is
preparing to complete the domination of space -- by any means necessary.
Neil Mackay explains the terrifying new face of global warfare
06/22/03: (Sunday Herald) IT SOUNDS like the stuff of the darkest sci-fi
fantasies, but it's not. The Air Force Space Command Strategic Master Plan
is a clear statement of the US's intention to dominate the world by turning
space into the crucial battlefield of the 21st century.

The document details how the US Air Force Space Command is developing exotic
new weapons, nuclear warheads and spacecraft to allow the US to hit any
target on earth within seconds. It also unashamedly states that the US will
not allow any other power to get a foothold in space.

The rush to militarise space will also see domestic laws and foreign
agreements torn up. As the document warns: 'To fully develop and exploit
[space] ... some US policies and international treaties may need to be
reviewed and modified'.

The Strategic Master Plan (SMP) changes the nature of war. No longer will
battles be fought by ships, aircraft and ground forces. Instead the US will
use its technology to dominate any theatre of war from space.

The document also opens the door for the US to become the only global
policeman. Control of space will give it uniquely instantaneous reach,
capable of 'worldwide military operations.'

The first page of the document clearly spells out America's agenda. General
Lance W Lord, of Air Force Space Command, writes in his foreword: 'As
guardians of the High Frontier, Air Force Space Command has the vision and
the people to ensure the United States achieves space superiority today and
in the future.'

The document also lays the groundwork for the development of '21st century
space warriors' -- a new military cadre tasked solely to fight 'from and in'
space. The SMP says this Space Corps 'is just as crucial to the success of
our vision as employing new technologies'.

Air Force Space Command operates from a base in Colorado and its mission is
to 'defend America through space and intercontinental ballistic missile
operations'. Its ultimate goal is to 'project global reach and global
power'. Although little is known about Space Command in Europe, it is
central to the US military machine and staffed by some 40,000 military and
civilians.

General Lord says the strategy of the SMP 'will enable us to transform space
power to provide our nation with diverse options to globally apply force in,
from, and through space with modern intercontinental ballistic missiles ...
and new conventional global strike capabilities'.

In gung-ho language, the foreword reads: 'Precision weapons guided to their
targets by space-based navigation -- instant global communications for
commanders and their forces -- enemy weapons of mass destruction held at
risk by a ready force of intercontinental ballistic missiles -- adversary
missiles detected within seconds of launch. This is not a vision of the
future. This is space today!'

Lord adds: 'Our space team is building capabilities that provide the
President with a range of space power options to discourage aggression or
any form of coercion against the United States.'

The (SMP) says: 'Effective use of space-based resources provides a continual
and global presence over key areas of the world ... military forces have
always viewed the 'high ground' position as one of dominance. With rare
exception, whoever owned the high ground owned the fight. Space is the
ultimate high ground of US military operations.

'Today, control of this high ground means superiority ... and significant
force enhancement. Tomorrow, ownership may mean instant engagement anywhere
in the world.'

The primary goal of the SMP is to give the US military 'the capability to
deliver attacks from space'. The use of 'space power' would also let the US
deploy military might instantaneously across the face of the earth and
completely 'bypass adversary defences'.

In order to 'fully exploit and control space', the United States Air Force
Space Command says it has to 'negate' the ability of foreign powers to
develop their own space capabilities. The plan also demands that Space
Command 'focus on missions carried out by weapons systems operating from or
through space for holding terrestrial targets at risk'.

The document proclaims US aspirations to 'global vigilance, reach and
power', and Space Command says its vision 'looks 25 years into the future
and is summed up as follows: space warfighting forces providing continuous
deterrence and prompt global engagement for America ... through the control
and exploitation of space'.

The aim, the SMP says, is to:

-- 'Extend the reach, precision and intensity of US military power and
operations.'

-- 'Ensure the ability to apply space forces when and where we need them and
that our adversary understands the advantage we possess.'

-- 'Use our space capabilities at our discretion while at the same time denying
our adversaries access to space assets at their disposal.'

One of Space Command's key functions is the operation of America's arsenal
of intercontinental ballistic missiles. The SMP details how the US wants to
be able to fire either nuclear or conventional missiles from space, out of
range of enemy weapons. 'Such a capability will provide warfighting
commanders the ability to rapidly deny, delay, deceive, disrupt, destroy,
exploit and neutralise targets in hours/minutes rather than weeks/days,' it
adds.

The SMP also shows how the US fears advances in space technology among other
nations -- including its European allies. 'Space capabilities are
proliferating internationally,' it says, 'a trend that can reduce the
advantages we currently enjoy.' It points out that Space Command has no
control over the European Galileo satellite system .

A list of strategies and objectives detail the goals of Space Command in the
coming years. These include:

-- creating an instantaneous global strike force.

-- Total monitoring of the Earth by 'real-time global situation awareness.'

-- a nuclear arsenal in space.

-- the development of exotic new weapons.

-- the maintenance of US military dominance. The doctrine declares: 'when
challenged, pursue superiority in space through robust ... defensive and
offensive capabilities.'

-- a fully integrated 'land, sea, air and space war-fighting system.'

-- integrating civil and commercial space operations with military ones.

One of the exotic weapons in development is known as the Ground Moving
Target Indicator (GMTI). This would be a tracking device, based in space,
which could pinpoint and follow the smallest of targets on earth . GMTI, the
document says, will improve the ability to 'detect, locate, identify and
track a wide range of strategic and tactical targets we currently have
minimal ability to detect, such as nuclear, biological and chemical weapons
and activities, hidden targets and moving air targets'.

The worldwide scope of Space Command's project is shown by the names of some
of the units under its control: Global Strike, Air and Space Expeditionary,
Global Response Task Forces and Global Mobility Task Force. Space Command is
also setting up a wing of the intelligence services devoted to the
militarisation of space. Space Command says it is 'aggressively modernising
our existing nuclear forces '.

Another goal is the ability to use a 'conventional non-nuclear prompt global
strike from and through space'. One of the new weapons tipped to bring about
this transformation is the CAV, or Common Aero Vehicle. This military
spaceplane would be stocked with so-called smart bombs and could strike
targets from space.

Another exotic development will be 'a virtual, global, synthetic battlespace
in which space forces will train [and] rehearse missions'. The US space
corps would fight global cyber-battles in a virtual world as big as the
earth and its atmosphere. This would complement current Space Command
facilities such as the Space Warfare Centre, the Space Battle Lab and the
Fusion Centre.

The conclusion of the SMP report leaves no doubt of how important these
plans are to the US military and government: 'Expanding the role of space in
future conflicts ... produces a fully integrated air and space force that is
persuasive in peace, decisive in war and pre-eminent in any form of
conflict.'

22 June 2003 - Sunday Herald

The problem with the militarisation of space is that it will *ensure*
that wars continue to happen. It is a technology designed to
make those wars more feasible, not to prevent them.

http://google.com/search?q=%22super-grade+plutonium

super-grade plutonium which Savannah River production. reactors have been making since the early. 1980s. Weapon-grade plutonium from both Hanford and ..

Ship Disaster Linked to the Intelligence Intrigue
Published in Spotlight Jan 1 & 8 issue of 2001.

The following is an edited transcript of a radio program discussing Estonia disaster aired on Radio Free America, with host Tom Valentine.

"Back in the mid-1970s, when I was close to becoming involved in the intelligence community, I recall there was a big flap over the Soviets' development of a charged particle x-ray laser weapon that was fueled by super-grade plutonium and would have been spacebased for anti-ballistic missile service. The last generation of the proton missile was designed to deploy it.

The thought occurs to me that this technology... would have fit on one of those trucks that were driven onto Estonia and that it would involve a substantial quantity of super-grade plutonium.

If you put the U.S. system together with the Russian system, you've got something that can not only knock down inter-continental ballistic missiles, but is light enough in multi-use (which means it can be deployed on satellites) and can be used to hit any target on earth."
Read the whole transcript- 1,2 MB

=============

Introducing the Particle-Beam Weapon

Dr. Richard M. Roberds

Air University Review, July-August 1984

http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1984/jul-aug/roberds.html

It is not that the generals and admirals are incompetent, but that the task has passed beyond their competence. Their limitations are due not to a congenital stupidity--as a disillusioned public is so apt to assume--but to the growth of science.

Captain B. H. Liddell Hart, speaking
on weapon-development decisions, 1935

There are two broad types of particle-beam weapons: the charged-particle beam weapon and the neutral-particle beam weapon. The charged-particle variety would be developed for use within the atmosphere (endoatmospheric) and has a set of technological characteristics that are entirely different from the neutral particle beam weapon that would be used in space (exoatmospheric). Primarily, the extremely high power and precisely defined beam characteristics required for a particle beam to propagate through the atmosphere distinguish an endoatmospheric device from a beam weapon designed to operate in space. The development of a power supply and particle accelerator with sufficient power and appropriately shaped pulses for endoatmospheric weapons depends on very "high-risk" technology and is likely years away.¹

The technological problems associated with exoatmospheric weapons are considerable also, but they are not as difficult as those associated with endoatmospheric weapons. Here, the greatest challenge is in the area of directing the beam: the weapon must be able to focus its energy to strike a target that may be thousands of kilometers away.

Beam dwell time. Beam dwell time refers to the time that a beam remains fixed on a target. In an endoatmospheric weapon, the power of the beam would be sufficient to destroy the target instantaneously (in millionths of a second) upon impact, and no beam dwell time would be required. In space, where the required power of the beam is considerably less, some very short beam dwell time may be necessary

Beam penetration. The subatomic particles that constitute a beam have great penetrating power. Thus, interaction with the target is not restricted to surface effects, as it is with a laser. When impinging upon a target, a laser creates a blow-off of target material that tends to enshroud the target and shield it from the laser beam. Such beam/target interaction problems would not exist for the particle beam with its penetrating nature. Particle beams would be quite effective in damaging internal components or might even explode a target by transferring a massive amount of energy into it (the catastrophic kill mechanism). Furthermore, there would be no realistic means of defending a target against the beam; target hardening through shielding or materials selection would be impractical or ineffective.

All-weather capability. Another advantage of a particle beam over the high-energy laser in an endoatmospheric application would be an all-weather capability. While a laser can be thwarted completely by such weather effects as clouds, fog, and rain, these atmospheric phenomena would have little effect on the penetrating power of a particle-beam weapon.

The propagation of a charged-particle beam through the atmosphere is, in fact, the pacing issue for the endoatmospheric weapon. It has been theoretically calculated that specific threshold values of the beam parameters (beam current, particle energy, beam pulse length, etc.) are required for a beam to propagate through air with reliability. Two crucially important experimental programs are exploring the phenomena of atmospheric beam propagation. The first program, underway at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, involves experiments with an accelerator called the Advanced Test Accelerator (ATA), the construction of which was completed in the fall of 1982. The second program, a joint Air Force/Sandia National Laboratories program, similarly is aimed at investigating beam propagation through the use of a radial-pulse-line accelerator (RADLAC). Continuation of the U.S. program to explore the development of an endoatmospheric weapon will depend on a positive prognosis from these two experimental studies of atmospheric beam propagation.

power supply technology

Possibly the most difficult technical problem in developing an atmospheric particle-beam weapon is the development of its electrical power supply. To operate an endoatmospheric PBW requires that a tremendous amount of electrical energy be supplied over very short periods of time. Since power is energy divided by time, large amounts of energy over short spans of time translate into extremely high power levels. Building a power supply to produce high power in short bursts involves a very advanced field of technology known as pulsed-power technology.

Basically, a pulsed-power device can be divided into three component areas: the primary power source that provides electrical energy over the full operating time of the weapon (prime power source), the intermediate storage of the electrical energy as it is generated (energy storage), and the "conditioning" of the electrical power bursts or pulses of suitable intensity and duration (pulse-forming network) to fire the weapon. Each of these three areas represents a technological challenge.

Any electricity-producing device, such as a battery or generator, is a primary power source. The requirement of the particle-beam weapon, however, is for a prime power source that can produce millions to billions of watts of electrical power, yet be as lightweight and compact as possible. A conventional power station could provide the needed power levels, but it would be neither small nor lightweight. There is also a need for mobility in many of the envisaged applications; a power station would not meet this requirement. Some typical prime-power candidates are advanced-technology batteries, turbine-powered generators, or an advanced magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generator using superconducting circuitry. Whatever the primary source might be, a sizable advance in the present power-generating state of the art will be required, particularly for the endoatmospheric weapon.

Once electrical energy is generated for the weapon, it will likely have to be stored in some fashion. A typical storage method involves charging a series of large capacitors (often called a capacitor bank). Other more exotic methods are possible, e.g., spinning a huge mechanical flywheel or simply storing the energy in the form of a high-energy explosive that is released in a contained explosion. Actually, there are numerous schemes for storing and releasing the required energy; their advantages and disadvantages depend on their particular application (i.e., the type of accelerator that is used and whether the weapon is endo- or exoatmospheric).

The pulse-forming network would be designed to release the stored energy in the desired form. In the atmospheric weapon, a single shot or "bolt" would most likely be comprised of a very short-duration pulse, repeated thousands of times per second. Hopefully, the prime power source would be able to generate energy at least at the same rate as energy was dispatched. If not, the weapon would be required to remain quiescent while its generator rebuilt a charge for another series of bolts.

THE development of a particle-beam weapon by the United States is a logical follow-on to the current high-energy laser development program. The weapon's potential lethality against high-speed, multiple targets, coupled with its capacity for selective destruction, would make the PBW particularly suitable for the space defense role. While some of the technological and operational issues to be resolved appear formidable at this time, it is far too early to discount the eventual operational effectiveness of such a weapon. Several scientists have argued that the PBW cannot be built or effectively deployed, creating or exacerbating doubts in other individuals. Yet those so concerned might do well to recall that in 1949, Vannevar Bush--a highly respected national leader with a Ph.D. in electrical engineering who had served as head of the U.S. Office of Scientific Research and Development during World War II--argued that technical problems made the development of an effective ICBM virtually impossible without astronomical costs.⁶ Nine years later, in 1958, the United States had its first operational ICBM, the Atlas.

The PBW offers a possibility for defending effectively against a launched ICBM, and even a glimmer of hope toward this end is worthy of pursuit. Should the United States terminate its exploration of particle-beam technology, we would be opening the door for the Soviets to proceed at their own pace toward building such a weapon. We can ill afford technological surprise in an area as crucial as beam weapons.

The current pace of the U.S. program in PBW development is both logical and orderly. Funding levels remain relatively low, as DARPA and the three services continue to focus on the pacing technologies that must be understood if such a weapon is to be built. Since the potential payoff of such activity is tremendous, it seems imperative that the United States continue to pursue the development of PBWs at least at the present level of funding.

Air University Review, July-August 1984

Department of Engineering Technology
Clemson University, South Carolina

http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1984/jul-aug/roberds.html

===========

"super-grade" plutonium (SGPu), containing no more than 3% Pu-240

The higher plutonium isotopes (especially Pu-240 and Pu-242) have substantially higher spontaneous fission rates than Pu-239, hence are prone to cause "pre-initiation" during a nuclear explosion (adversely affecting reliability and yield). Decay of the higher isotopes is also a cause of radiation and heat problems.

Reduced Shielding Requirements

• 5.6 grams of 'super-grade' plutonium discovered in the
garage of a minor criminal (1994: Tengen, Germany)

http://www.sfu.ca/casr/ft-frost2.htm

http://www.fas.org/nuke/intro/nuke/O_9705.htm

A large solid state laser, the LF-12 Shenguang-1 (Magic Light)
began operations at the CAS Shanghai Institute of Optics and
Fine Mechanics in 1986. The follow-on Shenguang-2 reportedly has a
power output of two terrawatts and is a major facility for China's
inertial confined fusion programme. This
Shanghai R&D establishment has also developed
a Nd:YAG laser with an output power of 62.5 MW,
the Xingguang-2 Nd:Glass laser, and
a tunable titanium-sapphire laser
with an output power of 650 MW.

The state of China's high-energy particle beam weapons development is not known.
However, advanced facilities such as the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider, the
Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, the Beijing Light Source, and the associated
Institute of High Energy Physics, would probably provide some R&D capability in this
area through fundamental physics exploration, in addition to potential but
still very futuristic applications of anti-matter for weapons and space propulsion systems,
In 1999, the CAS Lanzhou Institute of Modern Physics developed China's first
14.5 GHz ECR ion gun as part of a heavy ion circular accelerator system,
which will produce highly charged ion beams and metal ion beams.

http://72.14.253.104/search?q=cache:nE5PYnhPU8MJ:www.aeronautics.ru/archive/research_literature/aviation_articles/Janes/topics/plasma_stealth/Directed%2520Energy%2520Weapons%2520and%2520Sensors.pdf+%22high+energy+particle+beam%22+laser+pumped

Example of USA military madness:

The military forces of Black (BlackFor) will be engaged
in a land warfare conflict with the army of Blue (BlueFor),
which represents the Army After Next (AAN) in the 2020-
2025 time frame. The basis of this engagement results from
Black's sustained terrorist campaign directed against
Blue's homeland.

This competitor is not a nation-state.
For that reason its existence is in variance with “the
orthodox position within the Army and the Department of
Defense [which] holds that the strategic environment of
2020 will be much like that of 1997.” 7
This competitor represents a new warmaking entity
which can be considered both non- and post-Western in
orientation. Its criminal and warmaking functions are
intertwined as is its decisionmaking structure which is
more networked than hierarchical. Black's geographic
boundaries may or may not be contiguous, not all of its
territories may be delineated, and some may reside within
zones currently occupied by failed states. 8 The common
feature of Black's transnational territories is that they will
likely include heavily urbanized coastal zones containing
sprawling slums.

Black is in competition with the Westphalian nationstate
form, and its potential regional successor(s), over the
world's future social and political organization.9 By
American standards, this new “network- or cyber-state” is
both illegitimate and criminal. Black is highly entrepreneurial
in nature, not ethically constrained in its
conduct of war, and relies heavily on the “new warrior class”
for its military recruits.10 More than one military scholar
has referred to this entity as a “confederation of high-tech
criminals and barbarians.”

The decisive American military victory in the Gulf War
in 1991 and its ensuing Revolution in Military Affairs
(RMA) have not been lost on the senior leadership of Black.

A weapon with dimensionally shifted capabilities can
overcome traditional defenses such as vehicular armor by
passing through its physical seams and even its molecular
bonds unimpeded. By traveling through the
structural matrix of the armor, it is thus able to avoid its
defensive physical properties. On the other hand, a
dimensionally shifted defense could be created by projecting
a force shield around a physical object. This invisible field
would not be able to affect a conventional projectile passing
through it, however, that is not the intent. The field would
be configured to dampen or negate dimensionally shifted
attacks and those conventional weapons whose bonds and
relationships based upon international systems and
subsystems, such as electronic fuzing, can be influenced. An
example of such field generation can be seen with the
Shortstop system deployed to Bosnia.26 While weapons with
dimensional shifting, and in some cases spatial warping,
capabilities would appear to be the stuff of science fiction,
they are not. Some can already be purchased on the
international arms market or be constructed from
electronics parts sold at commercial retailers.

Advanced Non-Lethal Weapons. Since the 1960s, over
600 documents have been published on non-lethal
weapons. Most of these weapons operate conventionally.
Examples include flash-bang and sting-ball grenades,
batons, net-guns, caltrops, sticky and aqueous foams,
rubber and wooden bullets, ring-airfoil and sponge
projectiles, and riot-control agents. Based upon past
experience with these lower tier weapons in Somalia, one

Blue military officer stated:

Non-lethal weapons do not provide a new element of national
power, as some have suggested. They are merely an extension
of military force to fill the gap between warnings and deadly
force.

While technically correct regarding the weapons
actually employed in Somalia, this generalization applied to
all non-lethal weapons would be inaccurate. An upper tier of
these weapons also exists which includes electromagnetic
and directed energy weapons such as radio frequency
weapons (RFW), high power microwave (HPM), lasers,
optical munitions, acoustics, and biodeteriorating
organisms, vortexes, and computer programs. These
advanced weapons are at odds with the Blue conventional
military paradigm based on four-dimensional thinking.
They don't shoot physical projectiles or rely upon
penetration, fragmentation, or blast effects to achieve their
results. In many applications they are not intended to even
kill people or destroy objects but disable or disrupt them
instead. Further, their elevated energy power sources and
force projection mechanism requirements are, for the most
part, post-mechanical in nature. Because of the alien
characteristics of these weapons, the potential they offer is
often misunderstood by Blue military officers and the
institutions to which they belong:

. . . The last thing the military needs at this point is a family of
weapons that has only limited tactical use in operations other
than war and offers no clear advantage over other nonlethal
methods.30
For five-dimensional warfighting requirements,
however, advanced non-lethal weapons are integral. Their
utility in offering tailored politico-military force to the
situation at hand has already been widely recognized.

The warfighting advantages they possess can be
expressed by their ability to engage in dimensionally shifted
attacks. The most basic form of such an attack is bypassing
a physical defense such as tank armor. An acoustic weapon
based on infra-sound can travel great distances and easily
penetrate most buildings and vehicles. The long
wavelengths of such a very low frequency sound can create
biophysical effects in a tank's crew ranging from nausea,
loss of bowels, disorientation, vomiting, potential internal
organ damage or even death. 32 Another method of attack
would be to fire a conventional round containing a pulsed
electromagnetic warhead against a tank's armor. The
warhead would detonate against the tank releasing a high
energy burst of short duration which would energize it and
thereby fry all of its electrical components. Low frequency
electromagnetic field generators and warheads will also be
critical for BlackFor as they will allow destruction of
BlueFor electronics which are protected against
electromagnetic pulse (EMP), conventional RFWs and
HPM.33

Another form of dimensionally shifted attack appears to
offer the ability for bond/relationship targeting. The space
between two points or a grouping of points is attacked
rather than the points themselves. This target set can range
from the bonds holding molecules together, to the space
between human synapses, to an air gap of an engine, to
electromagnetic pathways between communication nodes.
One weapon example would be liquid metal embrittlement
(LME) agents. Such agents alter the molecular structure of
base metals or alloys.34 A successful LME strike against the
support columns of a bridge would conceivably make the
structure collapse under its own weight. Another example
would be the employment of cheap “acetylene Molotov
cocktails” or rocket propelled grenades in urban terrain
against armored fighting vehicles (AFVs). A one pound
device would create an acetylene gas bubble seven feet in
diameter which would be sucked into the air intake of a
diesel engine that would cause the fuel in each cylinder to
ignite prematurely, with enough force to break piston
rods.35 Further, the targeting of gaps is particularly evident
in HPM and high power millimeter wave (HPMMW)
weapons. Gaps and seams serve as the pathway by which
intense electromagnetic (EM) fields enter into the interior
and components of the target.

Phase Weaponry. A matter state exists between solid
and fluid structures known as a “phase transition.” In
dynamical systems, the condition between order and chaos
is known as “complexity.” Similar patterns appear to apply
toward cellular automata classes and computation. 48 Based
on these analogies, an advanced weaponry state between
matter (i.e., solid projectiles) and energy (i.e., electromagnetic
wavelengths) could reasonably be expected to
exist. Such a “phase state,” found in the void between
humanspace and cyberspace, complements the previously
stated need for a dimensionally shifted defense. Possibly an
early form now exists in the Blue's Navy Research Lab's
“Agile Mirror” effort which seeks to generate a dense ionized
plasma gas sphere, whose surface looks like metal, as an
advanced radar sensing capability for ships and aircraft.

Since it retains some physical properties, it might be not
only able to defeat five-dimensional attacks but also fourdimensional
ones based upon projectiles. It has already
been recognized that plasma sheeting may allow protection
against HPM and EMP and in addition may lead to stealth
type effects by tailoring radar cross section (RCS) of the
object being defended.

As a counter to this defense, “phase weaponry” would
conceivably be developed which would alter its structure to
pass through the “phase shielding” modulations it
encounters. One delivery method could be based on a
hollowed laser beam filled with an ionized substance whose
frequency could be tuned as it senses the modulation of the
shielding it comes in contact with.

AAN related actions take place after Black has been
linked to the terrorist campaign. BlueFor and her sister
services engage in standoff precision strikes against Black
to stop the terrorist assault. This fails to deter Black. AAN
directed actions are in response to a ground campaign in
which BlueFor is sent in to physically invade Black's
territories to stop these attacks and decisively defeat Black.
AAN Related Actions. When Blue finds out that it is
fighting Black, Black will not easily allow Blue to locate its
forces and assets because of the precision strike danger.
Since Blue “rules the cube,” Black will attempt to deny
BlueFor and her sister services their four-dimensional
standoff capability advantages via dimensional shifting of
forces.

If Black forces and assets are located and precision
struck by Blue, they will be placed in combinations of hard
to hit, hardened sites, mixed with innocent civilians and
hostages, and either under or next to foreign embassies or in
other “ethically challenging sites” like prisoner or Red Cross
camps. The potential exists to store Hazmat materials in
some sites so that the vapors released could be used to cause
a media event.

Black will begin using real time media links, television
and internet, to visually show the world the brutality of
Blue's actions. At the same time, if Blue pilots or SOF
operatives are captured, images of their mutilated bodies
being dragged through the streets “in retaliation” to Blue
actions will be fed to real time media links. The initiation of
a global terrorism campaign against Blue assets, including
its children in foreign schools and tourists, and internet
based attacks to disrupt Blue's infrastructure, degrade its
bonds between its people and government.


Static systems, biomorphic robots, microelectromechanical
systems (MEMS), and UAVs will make BlueFor
operations in complex terrain extremely hazardous. Such
machine forces will not surrender and can be used to
reinfest BlueFor rear areas, and urban zones which have
been cleared out and pacified, by means of artillery and airdelivery
systems.
In addition, mercenaries will be employed to augment
Black's non-nation state soldiers. They can offer additional
capabilities not normally possessed by Black forces.
Further, since they can be hired for short duration contract
work, they offer potential cost savings for Black. Such
mercenaries can range from terrorists to private security
and intelligence firms.

In heavily urbanized coastal zones containing sprawling
slums such as a massive Mogadishu-like environment,
BlackFor would be defending in the equivalent of a number
of World War II Stalingrads. The German army fighting
over that city lost tens of thousands of men prior to being cut
off and decimated. If BlueFor lost a fraction of that number,
the operation would be deemed a disaster. The question
arises whether BlueFor would possess sufficient soldiers in
its ranks to even engage in such an undertaking. Time also
becomes a factor. Large scale urban operations and the
ensuing terrorist/guerrilla campaign likely to follow, even if
the urban centers could be occupied, far exceed any notion of
a quick win on BlueFor's behalf. BlueFor would have to
counter terrorists, narco-groups, and gangs in a “police”
type setting for which its forces are not suited.

To further erode BlueFor's potential for victory, its
ability to defeat Black decisively comes into question. Black
represents a new warmaking entity based on a heavily
internetted command structure—its relationships are more
weblike than hierarchical. Physical terrain is meaningless
to this entity, it does not field an army which can be
decisively defeated in open battle, and its leadership is
stealth-masked and transnational. As a result, traditional
Clausewitizian centers of gravity or, for that matter,
concepts of defeat do not apply.

Clausewitzian Trinity:
Government - People - Military

The emergence of complex, adaptive socio-political
entities as challengers to the nation-state form raises
immense concerns for the Army After Next. Such a networklike
entity, should its network expand to take on the form of
a major military competitor, would represent a national
security threat alien to the American view of war and the
strategic context in which it is waged.

By 2020-2025, the appearance of the 21st century
equivalent of The Prince could be expected to take
place. It would provide a more concise methodology
and ideological rationale for breaking America's
domination of warfare than V.K. Nair's War in the
Gulf: Lessons for the Third World, published in 1991,
ever did. Distributed by means of the internet, such a
manifesto could serve to fully shatter the Western
nation-state's monopoly on warfare in much the same
manner as Machiavelli's work broke the monopoly
then held by the Medieval Church.

As a
result it faces a revolution in political and military affairs
(RPMA) and not a much smaller RMA. The danger now
exists that the Army After Next may be configured around
an increasingly obsolescent form of warfighting, with the
addition of advanced technology and concept appliqués,
rather than attempting to make a break with the past and
fully reconfigure itself around advanced warfighting
principles as nation-state successor forms will do.
This creeping trend is evident in the Army's unwillingness,
or inability, to question its basic assumptions of
warfighting. Since the advent of the Force XXI program,
Army modal warfare analysis—earlier Tofflerian and now
Cycles of War based—has centered on the change from the
industrial to the information age. This represents the time
period which has defined our nation's and army's
institutional existence. The current form of analysis for the
AAN centers on change between the Napoleonic era, the
American Civil War, the First World War, the early 1960s,
and the Gulf War.77 It represents a linear projection of a
past based upon both Newtonian and Clausewitzian
concepts of warfighting.